Some would argue that there is a certain irony in the proliferation of discussions regarding how to ethically allocate the billions of dollars spent on health care in Canada, when: (1) resources allocated to health care have been shown to be only one of several important determinants of health, and (2) an unacceptable number of human beings, mostly in developing nations, are scarce able to access even the most basic requirements of reasonable health, let alone advanced health services. This module is designed for those who wish to expand analysis of health resource allocation ethics to include consideration of these two larger questions, the compelling ethical conundrums to which they give rise, and the ways in which they frame more traditional questions of health ethics in a new light.