The Alberta Protection for Persons in Care Act has been designed to augment the protection of vulnerable populations receiving care in recognized institutions from various forms of abuse. This module provides an overview of the legislation itself and articulates some of the ethical underpinnings of this initiative. The strengths and limitations of the legislation are explored from an ethics perspective, as are some of the common ethical issues and questions to which it may give rise. These include the question of what constitutes abuse and harm in situations where there may be reasonable disagreement over these labels.